2025年全球政府债务与GDP比率图览
来源:Visual Capitalist
数据来源:国际货币基金组织(IMF)《世界经济展望》(2025年10月)
发布日期:2025 年 10 月 28 日

核心要点
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2025年全球政府债务占GDP比率上升2.3个百分点至94.7%,但仍低于2020年疫情期间98.7%的峰值。
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日本以230%的负债率位居全球首位,苏丹(222%)和新加坡(176%)紧随其后。
-
中国债务率在2025年上升八个百分点至96%,增幅居主要经济体之首。

全球债务分布全景
本图表可视化2025年各国政府总债务占GDP的百分比,覆盖190多个经济体。数据显示:
负债率最低的经济体为中国澳门(0%),最高为日本(230%)。
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新兴经济体中,巴西(92%)、印度(83%)、俄罗斯(18%)债务率低于全球均值。
趋势解读
尽管全球债务负担持续加重,但2025年增幅较疫情期间显著放缓。中国债务率跃升主要源于地方政府融资平台债务扩张及经济刺激政策,而日本高负债则反映其长期依赖国债应对人口老龄化压力的结构性困境。
Data sources
https://www.imf.org/external/datamapper/GGXWDG_NGDP@WEO/OEMDC/ADVEC/WEOWORLD
https://www.visualcapitalist.com/mapped-government-debt-to-gdp-by-country-in-2025/
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